保健英语：外科术前、术中与术后恢复对话

一、术从前将要

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

继续做疗程之从前为了确保病童份的安全和有许多工作要继续做。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并详细描述心灵体征。将任何异常原因告知医生。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有假体，例如、假肢以及假牙都无论如何戴。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师可能会时会期望让病变戴着假牙，所以护士须要咨询师的建议。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，病变须要除去指甲油并卸妆。这样时会让医生较难识别病童是否精神病看上去病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination看上去病并不一定表明病变所必需剩氧。还其所戴弯等发饰，以免造成接种。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排尿或者导尿撤除膀胱。膀胱内极富尿液可能会时会在疗程过程中会受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术从前病变必需使用银制剂撤除肠道，小疗程除外。这时会可能会很多术后身体虚弱呕吐。还可以可能会接种。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂并不一定在病变先取入疗程室从前30分钟到一不间断内注射。这可以让过程完成地较难一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后无论如何轻声慰藉病变先取入时才会。疗程室内有时可以强制病变的一位家属陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，病变的病历表无论如何带入疗程室，并且栏位所必需完整。上面须要包括所有的核对和X光检查报告以及一份签名的疗程专利权等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.全身性原和所必需抗生素，如本品，也应在栏位中会注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，三王护士。我想去厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你不能去厕所。恳请你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床小便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.疗程便几天你是不强制下床的。所以你须要学者使用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我试试。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候先取疗程室？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.至少八点。我时会在七点叫醒你然后从你的鼻孔中会插进一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能得知我为什么要插胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.疗程后第二、三天我们所必需通过胃管给你放生。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.至少下午三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样认识我疗程的先取展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她时会在开门室。疗程一终结我们时会立刻通知她。He you signed the consent?你在同意新书表示同意了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。疗程从前我无论如何继续做什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们时会给你剃须继续做保养。然后你要洗个澡。早饭你要吃掉一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我明白了。疗程时会很想念吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，疗程过程中会你一定时会感受到任何想念痛。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.疗程后你醒来的时候就仍未在门诊了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你可能会时会深感有点想念并昏昏沉沉。如果想念痛麻木的话我们时会给你注射一些缓解想念痛的抗生素。Thank you.再见你 二、疗程中会

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，恳请帮忙我接疗程室。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍等。目从前分之二线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.疗程室May I speak to the head nurse?能恳请主治医师接电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

结缘，我是主治医师。有什么可以帮忙您？What's going on in the operation room right now?疗程室中会目从前是什么原因。I he an emergency case coming in.我立刻有一个立即病例。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午三王医生的急性胃癌疗程继续做必要将要。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半不间断从前转给了一个严重影响肋骨骨折的病童。他所必需立即接受肺脏疗程。你们帮忙我安排立即疗程吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我立刻继续做必要将要。一切将要完毕便我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。恳请得知护士血库时会给我们3或4一个单位的B型血供疗程使用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我所必需继续做上半身，所必需一位助手。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我立刻通知三王医生。Thank you.再见你。You're welcome.不从来不。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.病变还在晕倒状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他接受了什么疗程？A chest operation.肺脏疗程。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么抗生素全身性吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶全身性。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?疗程中会他中会毒者很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他中会毒者400ml。我们给他剩了2一个单位的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他剩其他气泡了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升包涵5%的蒸馏水。 四、疗程后入院与眼科

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

疗程便，外科病童并不一定所必需进一步提高眼科。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中会有一些原因。当然，也时会有一些常见问题用到。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些问题是可以预见的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.疗程便所必需对病童完成血流热力学抚育。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.病童的很多呕吐与基本的临床研究问题相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些病童时会用到术中会出血或术后接种。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这时会导致疗程后病情以后不稳定。因此病童所必需除此以外看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种原因在急诊疗程病童身上更为常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果病童突然人体内功能障碍，所必需将其送入风湿热进一步提高眼科门诊。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性心理因素病变还时会用到血流热力学不稳定。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很可能会时会用到急性呼吸道自由基，这是由严重影响软组织或者软组织受伤所致。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果用到低血容量性休克，这表明膝盖严重影响。有时所必需对病童完成剩血来补充其体内体内。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.病童的生理变化常常也时会所必需除此以外抚育。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非心理因素性疾病的急诊病变的病症与肠穿孔粘滞或肠坏死有关，那么病变整个机体可能会时会受其制约。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些制约时会分别导致各个器官的系统性呼吸道自由基。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效治疗，病变可能会用到多器官功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，风湿热加护门诊的病变多数是外科疗程病变。 五、术后以后

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

三王医生，我这里很想念。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你开一些止想念药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?直到现在好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.坦言，或许你直到现在不可以喂食。但是我可以在你的脸部上蘸一些水帮忙你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?再见。我什么时候可以喂食？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.所必需等你的肠鸣音和咽反射以后便才可以喝。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃掉东西了吗？I'm afraid you can't.或许不出。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃掉东西？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

疗程一天便你可以吃掉一些流食。然后你很快可以吃掉软食，疗程四天便就可以正常用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无气味或者一定时会导致气态产生的气泡有别于，例如茶、可可、过滤肉类、蔬菜汁和无脂冬瓜。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食包括冬瓜、鱿鱼、非油炸鸡蛋、豆腐、面条、豆沙等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我无论如何可能会吃掉哪些粪便呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.酸甜的点心、过多的色拉酱油调料、油炸肉类、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么所必需除此以外注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你所必需继续做一些呼吸唱歌。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.呼吸唱歌可以预防呼吸系统并发症。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己继续做唱歌吗，还是你时会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我时会帮忙你，给你提一些建议。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你直到现在可以得知我怎样继续做吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按住疗程切开，深呼吸然后气喘。我时会把你的身旁升高一些。I see.我明白了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你深感有什么身体虚弱的话恳请按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我时会的，再见你。